Pau Cin Hau le Chin Ca

Chinmipawl hi Missionary thlen hlan ahcun Ca kan nei lo ti sehla a sual lo. Hlan nunphung/thuanthu cun “ Saphawr parih nganmi CA kan rak nei nan uico in inrak thiar hloh sak” timi a um nan cucu ziangvek ca? Zo ih tuahmi tivek theih/hmuh a um nawn lo tikah zum a har zet. Kan Chin thuanthu ah CA thu rel cun Pau Cin Hau cu rel tello theih lo vek a si. Ziangahtile a mah lawng hi kan Chinmi sungin CA tuahsuak theitu umsun a si (kan hmang maw hmang lo cu thukhat). 1859 kumah, Lailui Khua ih suak Pau Cin Hau (1948 tiang dam) cun a mangah Mirang pa in lungpheng parih cangan a rak zirhmi ihsin CA a rak hmusuak. Amah hi Laipianism timi biaknak rak thawktu khal a si.

Pau Cin Hau ih Thuhla Tawi le Biaknak

Culaiah Tedim ih Sukte pawl cu mahtawkten thil an rak ti thei vekin an hmin a rak thang zet ve. Culaiah Kham Lian in fapa 8 le fanu 2 a nei. Pau Cin Hau cu a palinak a si. A mah cu Tedim, Lailui khua ah 1859 ah a suak. Pau Cin Hau  malte a puitlin deuh tikah a nulepa in Mualbem khua (Sukte dynasty ih khawpi) ah Teizang ṭawng le raldonak lam (warfare) zir dingah an kuat. Ziangahtile cu laiah Teizang ṭawng hmangpawl cu ral in an that ngam lo ti a si. A zirmipawl awm-angtawk a thiam hnuah Mualbem ihsin Tedim ah a kir salih lo a thlo. Ni khat cu Tedim khawpi a siat dingthu prophecy (hmailamthu) a dawngih Pathian in cui’ minungpawl sim dingin a fial. Cui thu cu khawpipawl hrangah cun zum a har zet ruangah hitin hla a rak phuah:

Thangvan-a zal Sian zamang aw

Tongdam khak hemin za’ng e

Pupa’ pat loh khua van nuai ah

Sian tongdam sinthu hi e.
(Thou God of gods, reigning on high

I heard a hint-Thy word

Unheard, unknown in days of yore

God’s word prevails through all the land)

Himi zawnte ah malte vun zoh bet dingmi pakhatte cu 1960 ah American anthropologist  E. Pendleton Bank timi in Chin hills thu zingzawinak a neih tikah “Pau Cin Hau cu hlan deuhih hrilhfiahdawngtu nu (prophetess) Pi Nuam Dim (Hau Zui ih fanu) ih dungthlun vekin a rak um” a ti. (Pau Cin Hau had earlier acted as disciple to a prophetess named Pi (an honorific) Nuam Dim, daughter of Hau Zui”. The study further reveals:

Tiddim, the chief village of the Northern Chin Hills, was ruled in the later 1880sby Khua Cin, a powerful and cruel chief, who held sway over two hundredvillages and oppressed the poor. Nuam Dim had vision in which Pa Sian (God –“Pa’ is the usual male honorific) told her that he was angry with Khua Cin andthat his vengeance would take the form of killing Khua Cin’s son, wiping out hisfamily line and destroying his inn ka. (By: Pum Khan Pau, “Religious conversions reconsidered: Christian missions and indigenousmovement among the Zo people in colonial Chin Hills,” Page 9).

Banks ih a rak simmi cu “thil cangthei zet asimi cu Nuam Dim hi 1880 hrawngah Christian a rak si zo ding tihi a si” a ti. A umdan cu Nuam Dim ih rak simcianmipawl hi Pau Cin Hau in a run simsalmi a bang.

1889-1890 ah British Major Raikes hohanakin Tedim khawpi cu British pawlin an urkang thluh taktakih khawsungmipawl an ṭhekdarhaw thluh. Himi hin an rak simciami cu a takin a rung kim ti theih a theih. Kham Lian khal Laitui (an khaw kiang) ah a tlan ve. Cutawk khalah Pau Cin Hau cu Pathian hnen ihsin hrilfiah a dawng rero thotho. Asinan a minungpawlin an zum thei lo. Ni khat cu Pau Cin Hau a na, kum 15 (1888-1902) sung rori a naa. Cumi a nat sungih thil ṭul tete le khawse hnenih raithawinak hrangah sum/paisa Rs. 400 lai a rak hmang/cem. Pau Cin Hau cun ka natnak ihsin damter ka si hnu cun Amah ah zumnak ka nei a ti. A natnak kum 15 a kim kumah visions a nei lala ih Pathian/Pasian in thlarau ṭha lo neh theinak huham a pekih thlarau ṭhalo (evil spirit) hrangih raithawinakpawl tla bansan dingin a sim. Cumi ah Pathian/Pasian in cangandan dingpawl tla a hmuh telih cumi cu a mah in hitin a sim.

During my fifteen years of illness at Laitui, I once had a vision of God coming down from heaven and commanding me, “Pau Cin Hau, learn lai (i.e., reading and writing,” and Pasian held a book in hand. Pasian then took some pebbles, and he put them together and separated them again in turn in a creation fashion. Pasian then asked me , “Can you do like this?” And I answered, “I can.” Then I did as he had done, and I was able to do so. When I could do as he had done, He gave me a book.  (By: Vum Cung Nung, “ A history of Christian Missions Among the Chins with Special Reference to American Baptist Missionaries and Their Contributions to the Transformation of the Chin Culture, Pages 48-49”)

Anshuman Pandey ih nganmi “Proposal to Encode the Pau Cin Hau Alphabet in ISO/IEC 10646” thawngin tla Pau Cin Hau cu 1902 ah a mangah cangandan sim a rak si thu kan thei thei. (In an account given by J.J. Bennison in the 1931 Census of India report for Burma, Pau Cin Hau stated that the characters of his script were revealed to him in a dream in 1902).

Pau Cin Hau cu a cangvaihnak thawn pehparin hla tla tampi a rak phuah biaknaklam zirhnak tla tampi a rak tuah. Pau Cin Hau ih biaknak (Laipianism) hi Tedim, Falam le Hakha ah a rak karh cih ve. An hminsindan (official record) vek asile 1931 ah Chin hill district ihsin Laipianism (Pau Cin Hau ih dinmi biaknak) thluntu 35,700 an um. Tedim ihsin 26,000 an siih Falam ihsin 9,700 an si. 1936 ih Henry Noel Cochrane Stevenson ih hminsindan (recorded) vek asile Zanniat zate deuh thaw (almost the entire Zanniat tribe) cu hi biaknak thluntu an si ih Falam mipum ih 27% cu hi biaknak thluntu an si.

Pau Cin Hau ih CA cu Ziangvek A Si?

Pau Cin Hau ih ca cu sinak (character) 1050, cafang (alphabet) 57, Aw-phei (Vowel letters) 7, Aw-tung (consonant letters) 21, Aw-tung neta (final-consonant letters) 9 le Aw-thluk hminsinnak (tone marks) 20 a um. A hnuaiah zukthawn kan zoh pei uh!

  Alphabet (Cafang)

  Vowels (Awphei)

  Consonants (Awtung) 

    Final Consonants (Awtung neta)

  Tone Marks (Awthluk hminsinnak)

Pau Cin Hau Alphabet timi hmin cu 1932 ah Dorothy Sherrat in Latin in a hmaisabik a rak let (transliterated). 

Hi ca hi a hmin khalah Pau Cin Hau ih ca ti a siih Pau Cin Hau (1859-1948) hnu ih hminpekmi a si. Pau Cin Hau hi biaknak lam thawktu asi bangin pau cin hau lai : “script of Pau Cin Hau” le tual lai “Local script” tin theihlar zetmi a si. Tedim ṭawng in lai ticu “ca-ngan” tinak asi ih “laipian” ticu biaknak hrambun-ca (script-based religion) tinak a si. A mah hi laipianpa “lianpian tuahtu” cu a si. A ca cu “Pau Cin Hau” ti asi bangin “Bow-chinhow” tin tla cafang kawm a theih. Tedim hi hlan ahcun “Kamhow” le “Sokte” ti a rak si. Tedim ticu tulai santhar hmanmi a si.

Pau Cin Hau le Laipian tradition ih cangandan ah danglamnak pahnih a um. Pakhat cu ‘logographic script’ le a dang pakhat cu ‘alphabetic system’ a si. “Logographic script” timi cu malte vun simfiang sehla,  awfang asilole thufang aiawhtu cafang kha logogram lole logograph ti a siih awthlukpawl khaikhintu khal a si. A fiangtawk lo pangah mirangin (“A logogram, or logograph, is a grapheme which represents a word or a morpheme. This stands in contrast to phonograms, which represent phonemes or combinations of phonemes, and determinatives, which mark semantic categories. Logograms are commonly known also as "ideograms") http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logographic_script

“Alphabetic system” ticu cafang thlunih nganmi tinak a si (a writing system based on alphabetic characters) ti a si.

An pahnih in cangan ah a dik veve. Pau Cin Hau in 1902 ih a kutngan cahram (original script) cu vawi hnih lai rem a si. A vawihnihnak cu 1931 ah a si. Himi in a rahsuah cu canfang piazia (character alphabet) 57 a suahpi.

Pau Cin Hau ih cafang cu Laipian le Christian literature in an hmang. Pau Cin Hau ih kutnganca (script) thulu “Kamhow-Sokte Spelling Book” cu 1932 ah Dorothy Sherrat le Baptist Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) in Rangoon ah an tlangzarh sak. 1931 ah, BFBS in “Sermon on the Mount” timi cu alphabet hmangin Tedim (‘Kamhow’) ah St. Matthew ih Christian text ihsin an nam sak (Tonzang ih Thang Cin Kham in a rak bawm). Himi documents hi kut ih ngan a si.

Cumi cabu ih Laipian hlapawl cu alphabet in nam a rak si nan himi dilnak hrangah zianghman thilri felfai hmuhding a um lo. (It is reported that books of Laipian ritual songs were printed in the alphabet, however, there is no documented evidence for this claim) by Anshuman Pandey “Proposal to Encode the Pau Cin Hau Alphabet in ISO/IEC 10646”, page 2.

Pau Cin Hau Alphabet hman le Laipian tradition cu a reh deuh vivo ih Christian missionary cangvaihnak sawn hma a sawn vivo. BFBS ih  “Sermon on the Mount” cu Cambridge University Library ih cabu fate (catalogue) sungah “Pollard syllabic script” tin khum a si. Baptist missionaries in a hmaisabik nganmiṭawng cu kilkipih a ṭhansoh theinak dingah Chin ṭawng cu Latin-based scripts thawn theihternak a nei. Tedim hrangih Latin orthography cu American Baptist missionary Joseph H. Cope in theihternak a nei. Laipian le liturgical scripts cu a takih hmansuah (Practice) a um tuk nawn lo nan a nun ringring thei nak dingah a si. Laipian community ih hmanmi logographic le alphabetic system cu bikhiah a nei tuk lai ti a si. Asinan cumi script (kutnganca) cu tlawngta hrekkhat in an duh zetih Chin-speaking communities sungtelpawlin websites ah cahram tampi an thlah ih an hmang rero.

Pau Cin Hau ih ca hi biaknak lam thawktu a si bangin hmun hrekkhat ahcun hmun a rak la zet men ding nan ‘Falam le Hakha’ lam ahcun an rak hmang tuk lo. (The Chins had a written letter through Pau Cin Hau, but it could not influence other tribes like, Hakha and Falam).

Pau Cin Hau cu December 28, 1948 ah a thi. 1970 ahcun thluntu 150,000 kiangkap a nei. 

(Hms: Himi Cahram hi “Chinmi le Fimthiamnak” ka nganmi sungih Part I, asi ih a remcan le a peh, “Carson tei’ nupa le Chin Ca, J. Cope le Chin Ca, Santhar Mino le Chin Ca” timipawl hlawmawk sal kan tum ding).

Reference:

Pau, Pum Khan. “Religious conversions reconsidered: Christian missions and indigenous movement among the Zo people in colonial Chin Hills.”

Pandey, Anshuman “Proposal to Encode the Pau Cin Hau Alphabet in ISO/IEC 10646” 2011. Pdf

Vumson. Zo History. Aizawl: Publish by the Author, 1986

Nung, S. Vum Cung, “ A history of Christian Missions Among the Chins with Special Reference to American Baptist Missionaries and Their Contributions to the Transformation of the Chin Culture,” M.Th. Thesis, SAIACC, India, 2007.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logographic_script)

Pau Cin Hau - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pau_Cin_Hau)